Albucasis (930–1013 AD): Innovations in Stone Surgery
BAUS ePoster online library. Foster L. 06/21/21; 319108; p7-1
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Luke Foster
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Introduction:
Albucasis (Ibn Abbas Alzahrawi, 930–1013 AD) from Andalucia, the 'father of operative surgery', recorded his prolific contributions to surgery in his 30th Volume of Al Tasrif; widely recognised as the first illustrative textbook in surgery. Herein we explore his innovations in stone surgery.
Materials and Methods:
Non-systematic review of books, journals and online archives, including Al Tasrif, pertaining to Albucasis' developments in Urological stone treatment.
Results:
Albucasis is considered the first to use a metal probe, Al-Mirwed, to identify the presence of bladder calculus prior to cystolithotomy. He designed a new lithotomy scalpel with two cutting edges, the Al-Nashl scalpel. He detailed the lateral perineal cystolithotomy technique for bladder calculi with an emphasis on avoiding the midline that was not seen in Greco-Roman texts before him. He was the first to describe the procedure in women and used forceps to extract the stone instead of a spoon-like tool.
To reduce morbidity and mortality, he recommended a 2-stage bladder operation for complex cases and for large calculi he condemned the use of larger incisions due to the risk of incontinence. Instead, he developed specialised forceps, Al-Kalaleeb, to crush the calculi inside the bladder before extraction. To treat impacted urethral calculi he developed a drill, Al-Mishaab, which was gently rotated on the stone until it was pierced and could be disintegrated (Figure 1).
Conclusion:
Albucasis' pioneering innovations were the foundation of lithotripsy and were still vividly influencing the practice of European lithotomist in the 18th century.
Albucasis (Ibn Abbas Alzahrawi, 930–1013 AD) from Andalucia, the 'father of operative surgery', recorded his prolific contributions to surgery in his 30th Volume of Al Tasrif; widely recognised as the first illustrative textbook in surgery. Herein we explore his innovations in stone surgery.
Materials and Methods:
Non-systematic review of books, journals and online archives, including Al Tasrif, pertaining to Albucasis' developments in Urological stone treatment.
Results:
Albucasis is considered the first to use a metal probe, Al-Mirwed, to identify the presence of bladder calculus prior to cystolithotomy. He designed a new lithotomy scalpel with two cutting edges, the Al-Nashl scalpel. He detailed the lateral perineal cystolithotomy technique for bladder calculi with an emphasis on avoiding the midline that was not seen in Greco-Roman texts before him. He was the first to describe the procedure in women and used forceps to extract the stone instead of a spoon-like tool.
To reduce morbidity and mortality, he recommended a 2-stage bladder operation for complex cases and for large calculi he condemned the use of larger incisions due to the risk of incontinence. Instead, he developed specialised forceps, Al-Kalaleeb, to crush the calculi inside the bladder before extraction. To treat impacted urethral calculi he developed a drill, Al-Mishaab, which was gently rotated on the stone until it was pierced and could be disintegrated (Figure 1).
Conclusion:
Albucasis' pioneering innovations were the foundation of lithotripsy and were still vividly influencing the practice of European lithotomist in the 18th century.
Introduction:
Albucasis (Ibn Abbas Alzahrawi, 930–1013 AD) from Andalucia, the 'father of operative surgery', recorded his prolific contributions to surgery in his 30th Volume of Al Tasrif; widely recognised as the first illustrative textbook in surgery. Herein we explore his innovations in stone surgery.
Materials and Methods:
Non-systematic review of books, journals and online archives, including Al Tasrif, pertaining to Albucasis' developments in Urological stone treatment.
Results:
Albucasis is considered the first to use a metal probe, Al-Mirwed, to identify the presence of bladder calculus prior to cystolithotomy. He designed a new lithotomy scalpel with two cutting edges, the Al-Nashl scalpel. He detailed the lateral perineal cystolithotomy technique for bladder calculi with an emphasis on avoiding the midline that was not seen in Greco-Roman texts before him. He was the first to describe the procedure in women and used forceps to extract the stone instead of a spoon-like tool.
To reduce morbidity and mortality, he recommended a 2-stage bladder operation for complex cases and for large calculi he condemned the use of larger incisions due to the risk of incontinence. Instead, he developed specialised forceps, Al-Kalaleeb, to crush the calculi inside the bladder before extraction. To treat impacted urethral calculi he developed a drill, Al-Mishaab, which was gently rotated on the stone until it was pierced and could be disintegrated (Figure 1).
Conclusion:
Albucasis' pioneering innovations were the foundation of lithotripsy and were still vividly influencing the practice of European lithotomist in the 18th century.
Albucasis (Ibn Abbas Alzahrawi, 930–1013 AD) from Andalucia, the 'father of operative surgery', recorded his prolific contributions to surgery in his 30th Volume of Al Tasrif; widely recognised as the first illustrative textbook in surgery. Herein we explore his innovations in stone surgery.
Materials and Methods:
Non-systematic review of books, journals and online archives, including Al Tasrif, pertaining to Albucasis' developments in Urological stone treatment.
Results:
Albucasis is considered the first to use a metal probe, Al-Mirwed, to identify the presence of bladder calculus prior to cystolithotomy. He designed a new lithotomy scalpel with two cutting edges, the Al-Nashl scalpel. He detailed the lateral perineal cystolithotomy technique for bladder calculi with an emphasis on avoiding the midline that was not seen in Greco-Roman texts before him. He was the first to describe the procedure in women and used forceps to extract the stone instead of a spoon-like tool.
To reduce morbidity and mortality, he recommended a 2-stage bladder operation for complex cases and for large calculi he condemned the use of larger incisions due to the risk of incontinence. Instead, he developed specialised forceps, Al-Kalaleeb, to crush the calculi inside the bladder before extraction. To treat impacted urethral calculi he developed a drill, Al-Mishaab, which was gently rotated on the stone until it was pierced and could be disintegrated (Figure 1).
Conclusion:
Albucasis' pioneering innovations were the foundation of lithotripsy and were still vividly influencing the practice of European lithotomist in the 18th century.
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