There and back again: A history of sentinel lymph node biopsy in penile cancer
BAUS ePoster online library. Sahdev V. 06/21/21; 319114; p7-6
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Mr. Varun Sahdev
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Introduction: Lymph node staging is central to the management of penile cancer. Although the concept of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been applied to penile cancer for the last 3 decades, the history of our understanding of the lymphatic system originates in ancient Greece.
Methods: A PubMed, ClinicalKey and Google Scholar literature search was carried out.
Results: The association between cancer and lymph nodes was first described by Hippocrates, however, it was not until the 1600s that our modern understanding of lymphatics emerged, with European anatomists such as Asellius and Bartholin.
In 1844, Pancoast published a report on lymphadenectomy and in 1895 Halsted presented the idea that cancer may spread to lymph nodes prior to visceral organs.
The idea of SLNB was applied to penile cancer by Cabanas in 1977, who carried out lymphangiography followed by inguinal sentinel node biopsy.
In 1992, this work was applied outside of urology, with the addition of blue dye and the use of a radiotracer.
The technique was reintroduced to penile cancer by Horenblas in 1994; it now forms part of the gold standard protocol for inguinal lymph node staging for men with clinically impalpable lymph nodes and intermediate or high risk disease.
Conclusions: The discovery of lymph node involvement in cancer extends as far back as Hippocrates, however the modern day idea of SLNB was importantly first applied in the management of penile cancer. The technique was then refined before being reapplied to penile cancer and a number of other diseases.
Methods: A PubMed, ClinicalKey and Google Scholar literature search was carried out.
Results: The association between cancer and lymph nodes was first described by Hippocrates, however, it was not until the 1600s that our modern understanding of lymphatics emerged, with European anatomists such as Asellius and Bartholin.
In 1844, Pancoast published a report on lymphadenectomy and in 1895 Halsted presented the idea that cancer may spread to lymph nodes prior to visceral organs.
The idea of SLNB was applied to penile cancer by Cabanas in 1977, who carried out lymphangiography followed by inguinal sentinel node biopsy.
In 1992, this work was applied outside of urology, with the addition of blue dye and the use of a radiotracer.
The technique was reintroduced to penile cancer by Horenblas in 1994; it now forms part of the gold standard protocol for inguinal lymph node staging for men with clinically impalpable lymph nodes and intermediate or high risk disease.
Conclusions: The discovery of lymph node involvement in cancer extends as far back as Hippocrates, however the modern day idea of SLNB was importantly first applied in the management of penile cancer. The technique was then refined before being reapplied to penile cancer and a number of other diseases.
Introduction: Lymph node staging is central to the management of penile cancer. Although the concept of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been applied to penile cancer for the last 3 decades, the history of our understanding of the lymphatic system originates in ancient Greece.
Methods: A PubMed, ClinicalKey and Google Scholar literature search was carried out.
Results: The association between cancer and lymph nodes was first described by Hippocrates, however, it was not until the 1600s that our modern understanding of lymphatics emerged, with European anatomists such as Asellius and Bartholin.
In 1844, Pancoast published a report on lymphadenectomy and in 1895 Halsted presented the idea that cancer may spread to lymph nodes prior to visceral organs.
The idea of SLNB was applied to penile cancer by Cabanas in 1977, who carried out lymphangiography followed by inguinal sentinel node biopsy.
In 1992, this work was applied outside of urology, with the addition of blue dye and the use of a radiotracer.
The technique was reintroduced to penile cancer by Horenblas in 1994; it now forms part of the gold standard protocol for inguinal lymph node staging for men with clinically impalpable lymph nodes and intermediate or high risk disease.
Conclusions: The discovery of lymph node involvement in cancer extends as far back as Hippocrates, however the modern day idea of SLNB was importantly first applied in the management of penile cancer. The technique was then refined before being reapplied to penile cancer and a number of other diseases.
Methods: A PubMed, ClinicalKey and Google Scholar literature search was carried out.
Results: The association between cancer and lymph nodes was first described by Hippocrates, however, it was not until the 1600s that our modern understanding of lymphatics emerged, with European anatomists such as Asellius and Bartholin.
In 1844, Pancoast published a report on lymphadenectomy and in 1895 Halsted presented the idea that cancer may spread to lymph nodes prior to visceral organs.
The idea of SLNB was applied to penile cancer by Cabanas in 1977, who carried out lymphangiography followed by inguinal sentinel node biopsy.
In 1992, this work was applied outside of urology, with the addition of blue dye and the use of a radiotracer.
The technique was reintroduced to penile cancer by Horenblas in 1994; it now forms part of the gold standard protocol for inguinal lymph node staging for men with clinically impalpable lymph nodes and intermediate or high risk disease.
Conclusions: The discovery of lymph node involvement in cancer extends as far back as Hippocrates, however the modern day idea of SLNB was importantly first applied in the management of penile cancer. The technique was then refined before being reapplied to penile cancer and a number of other diseases.
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