History of endorectal imaging of the prostate
BAUS ePoster online library. Tien T. 06/21/21; 319117; p7-9
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Mr. Tony Tien
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Abstract
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Introduction
Prostate imaging has evolved over the last four decades to facilitate earlier diagnosis and accurate staging of prostate cancer. We aim to explore the early development of endorectal prostate imaging that informs our modern diagnostic criteria.
Materials and Methods
A literature search was performed on PubMed for endorectal prostate imaging.
Results
Watanabe et al. obtained the first clinically useful transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) of the prostate in 1967. However in the lithotomy position, air bubbles in the balloon, interfered with the ultrasound projection. To resolve this, a chair was designed in 1974 to scan patients in the upright sitting position, with a vertical probe inserted into the patient's rectum, so that bubbles no longer interfered with the images. Professor Brian Peeling, a visionary in Newport, took delivery of the first 'Chair of urology' in the UK to conduct early trials in Wales. Further technological advances in the 1980s enabled TRUS to be used as a handheld device which improved the accuracy of biopsies. Richard Clements and Peeling published a series on articles on PSA density, biopsy strategies and tumour characteristics which were the models for subsequent MRI trials and informed the EORTC prostate screening trial. They were also early proponents of MRI of the prostate using an endorectal surface coil developed by Schnall in 1989, which provided better images of the prostate compared to using a body coil.
Conclusions
Without these early enthusiasts, who often bravely experimented on themselves, early diagnosis of prostate cancer would not have progressed at pace.
Prostate imaging has evolved over the last four decades to facilitate earlier diagnosis and accurate staging of prostate cancer. We aim to explore the early development of endorectal prostate imaging that informs our modern diagnostic criteria.
Materials and Methods
A literature search was performed on PubMed for endorectal prostate imaging.
Results
Watanabe et al. obtained the first clinically useful transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) of the prostate in 1967. However in the lithotomy position, air bubbles in the balloon, interfered with the ultrasound projection. To resolve this, a chair was designed in 1974 to scan patients in the upright sitting position, with a vertical probe inserted into the patient's rectum, so that bubbles no longer interfered with the images. Professor Brian Peeling, a visionary in Newport, took delivery of the first 'Chair of urology' in the UK to conduct early trials in Wales. Further technological advances in the 1980s enabled TRUS to be used as a handheld device which improved the accuracy of biopsies. Richard Clements and Peeling published a series on articles on PSA density, biopsy strategies and tumour characteristics which were the models for subsequent MRI trials and informed the EORTC prostate screening trial. They were also early proponents of MRI of the prostate using an endorectal surface coil developed by Schnall in 1989, which provided better images of the prostate compared to using a body coil.
Conclusions
Without these early enthusiasts, who often bravely experimented on themselves, early diagnosis of prostate cancer would not have progressed at pace.
Introduction
Prostate imaging has evolved over the last four decades to facilitate earlier diagnosis and accurate staging of prostate cancer. We aim to explore the early development of endorectal prostate imaging that informs our modern diagnostic criteria.
Materials and Methods
A literature search was performed on PubMed for endorectal prostate imaging.
Results
Watanabe et al. obtained the first clinically useful transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) of the prostate in 1967. However in the lithotomy position, air bubbles in the balloon, interfered with the ultrasound projection. To resolve this, a chair was designed in 1974 to scan patients in the upright sitting position, with a vertical probe inserted into the patient's rectum, so that bubbles no longer interfered with the images. Professor Brian Peeling, a visionary in Newport, took delivery of the first 'Chair of urology' in the UK to conduct early trials in Wales. Further technological advances in the 1980s enabled TRUS to be used as a handheld device which improved the accuracy of biopsies. Richard Clements and Peeling published a series on articles on PSA density, biopsy strategies and tumour characteristics which were the models for subsequent MRI trials and informed the EORTC prostate screening trial. They were also early proponents of MRI of the prostate using an endorectal surface coil developed by Schnall in 1989, which provided better images of the prostate compared to using a body coil.
Conclusions
Without these early enthusiasts, who often bravely experimented on themselves, early diagnosis of prostate cancer would not have progressed at pace.
Prostate imaging has evolved over the last four decades to facilitate earlier diagnosis and accurate staging of prostate cancer. We aim to explore the early development of endorectal prostate imaging that informs our modern diagnostic criteria.
Materials and Methods
A literature search was performed on PubMed for endorectal prostate imaging.
Results
Watanabe et al. obtained the first clinically useful transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) of the prostate in 1967. However in the lithotomy position, air bubbles in the balloon, interfered with the ultrasound projection. To resolve this, a chair was designed in 1974 to scan patients in the upright sitting position, with a vertical probe inserted into the patient's rectum, so that bubbles no longer interfered with the images. Professor Brian Peeling, a visionary in Newport, took delivery of the first 'Chair of urology' in the UK to conduct early trials in Wales. Further technological advances in the 1980s enabled TRUS to be used as a handheld device which improved the accuracy of biopsies. Richard Clements and Peeling published a series on articles on PSA density, biopsy strategies and tumour characteristics which were the models for subsequent MRI trials and informed the EORTC prostate screening trial. They were also early proponents of MRI of the prostate using an endorectal surface coil developed by Schnall in 1989, which provided better images of the prostate compared to using a body coil.
Conclusions
Without these early enthusiasts, who often bravely experimented on themselves, early diagnosis of prostate cancer would not have progressed at pace.
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